Benefiting from Learning About the Flaws of People

Benefiting from learning about the flaws of people they respect or admire. Usually it just so happen that we people are young they tend to have a lot of heroes, or someone they respect or admire. They soon learn when they grow up that these people they have admired for so long have flaws just like anyone else. Leaving them feeling disappointed or upset, but what they don’t know is that learning about these flaws can be beneficial to them. People benefit from learning about the flaws of people they respect or admire. What they soon learn is that people make mistakes, no one is perfect.Including those they may look up to the most, for example their parents. Their parents are the ones who teach them right from wrong, and so the kids may expect their parents to go by this as well. Most of the times the kids are disappointed to find out their parents aren’t perfect either. After that, they either chose to make the same mistake or chose to learn from it. â€Å"Monkey see, mo nkey do. † It can even be beneficial coming from someone they don’t even know. It could be someone who sang their favorite song, or stared on their favorite TV show. For a kid to have a celebrity as an idol is very common.Celebrities are people just like us so they are going to make mistakes; it is how they deal with the problem that’s beneficial. But because they are famous, everyone can see their mistake. People can also benefit to one’s peers. Watching someone they love or admire, make a mistake than learn from it, is extremely beneficial. They can accept that person for who they are and become more mature. It is very important that we learn at a young age that no one is perfect, and they can’t always set high expectations for everyone. Especially if they set the expectations for someone they have known all their life.Everyone’s has flaws and they should be expected. â€Å"There are no mistakes, no coincidences. All events are blessings g iven to us to learn from. † It is not always good to have an admirer that makes mistake and they follow but don’t ever learn from. It important to, grasps it, learn from it, and consider it a blessing. Don’t be disappointed if their hero wakes up one morning and brushes his teeth with ice hot instead of tooth paste. Instead, always look up to what they admire about them, and try to relate to it. Work cited page: http://www. inspirationalspark. com/making-mistakes-quotes. html http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Monkey_see,_monkey_do

Lean System Essay

Lean is a philosophy of manufacturing that emphasizes the minimization of the amount of all resources (including time) used in operations of the company. Operations processes are considered to be Lean when they are very efficient and have few wasted resources. The elimination of WASTE is actually the defining principle of Lean. By eliminating waste of all sorts in the system, the lean approach lowers labour, materials, and energy costs of production. Lean also emphasizes building exactly the products customers want, exactly when they need them. When lean capabilities are introduced in a firm, it can produce smaller quantities, and it can change outputs more quickly in response to changes in customer demand. The primary objectives of Lean systems are to: 1. Produce only the products that customers want. 2. Produce products only as quickly as customers want them. 3. Produce products with perfect quality. 4. Produce in the minimum possible lead-times. 5. Produce products with features that customers want, and no others. 6. Produce with no waste of labour, materials or equipment. 7. Produce with methods that reinforce the occupational development of works. Eliminate Waste Waste is anything that does not add value from the customer point of view. Storage, inspection, delay, waiting in queues, and defective products do not add value and are 100% waste. Seven Wastes: Overproduction, Queues, Transportation, Inventory, Motion, Over-processing and Defective products. Other resources such as energy, water, and air are often wasted. Efficient, sustainable production minimizes inputs, reduces waste. Traditional â€Å"housekeeping† has been expanded to the 7 Ss. Sort – when in doubt, throw it out. Simplify– methods analysis tools. Shine/sweep – clean daily. Standardize – remove variations from processes. Sustain – review work and recognize progress. Safety – build in good practices. Support/maintenance – reduce variability and unplanned downtime. There are four building blocks that contribute to the building of a lean system. When these elements are focused in the areas of cost, quality and  delivery, this forms the basis for a lean production system. They are: 1. Product design 2. Process design 3. Personnel/organizational elements 4. Manufacturing planning and control Product design : Each process is crucial and contributes to an effective lean system. Product design consists of standard parts (workers have fewer parts to deal with), modular design (an extension of standard parts, they are separate parts clustered together and treated as one unit), highly capable production systems with quality built in ( JIT requires highly capable production systems), and concurrent engineering (keeping engineering practices shouldn’t change to avoid disruptions).The fact that customers have unique needs makes it necessary for the producer in the manufacturing sector or the service sector to create products and services that contributes uniquely to the final customer’s requirements. All design activities have performance objectives that are important to all designs. These objectives are: A design should be of high quality; it should be produced quickly, on a dependent basis, flexibility and at a low cost. The three broad design categories, 1) the feasibility of the design, 2) the acceptability of the design, and 3) the vulnerability of each design option. Concurrent engineering-describes the process of collective product design by all affected functions in the organisation. Quality function deployment – is a planning tool used to fulfil customer expectations through a disciplined approach to product design engineering and production. Process Design: consists of small lot sizes (optimal one unit), setup time reductions, and manufacturing cells (specialized and efficient production centres, quality improvement, production flexibility, a balanced system (distributing workload evenly among the workstations), little inventory storage, and fail safe methods (incorporate ways to reduce or eliminate the potential for errors during the process). Lean systems have an extremely effective production method. Schedules must be communicated inside and outside the organization and Better sched uling improves performance and also Increases flexibility. Personnel/organizational: elements includes workers  as assets ( A JIT philosophy), Cross-trained workers (perform several parts of the process and operate several machines), cost accounting, and leadership/project management( a two-way communication process between managers and workers). Manufacturing planning and control: The last building block is manufacturing planning and control. It includes level loading,(achieving stable, level daily mix schedules) pull systems (work moves on in response to demand from the next stage in the process), visual systems (A kanban card used as authorization to move or work on parts), limited work-in-process, close vendor relationships, reduced transaction processing(logistical, balancing, quality, or change transactions), preventive maintenance and housekeeping(keeping the workplace clean and free of unneeded material. Improve employee communication. Identifying problems and driving out waste reduces costs and variability and improves throughput. Lean systems require managers to reduce variability caused by both internal and external factors. By pulling material in small lots, inventory cushions are removed; exposing problems and emphasizing continual improvement. Example Lean operations began as lean manufacturing which was developed by the automobile manufacturer, Toyota. Toyota was sensitive to waste and inefficiency issues. The goal was to eliminate all waste from the process. Waste was identified by them as anything that interfered with the process or simply did not add value. Companies began adopting the lean approach and to do so realized that they had to do major changes in their organization and with their culture in the organization. Lean methods have demand-based operations, flexible operations with rapid changeover capability, effective worker behaviors, and continuous improvement efforts. JIT system stands for a Just-In-Time system. It represents the philosophy that includes every aspect of the process from the design to after the sale. JIT is a highly coordinated processing system in which goods move through the system, and services are performed just as they are needed. First, management should decide if JIT is a compatible method for the company. JIT is best used with companies that have repetitive operations and a stable demand. The first step is planning the conversion to JIT. Managers need to  be involved in the process and understand the commitment needed. The next step is to begin working only with suppliers who support the JIT system. The biggest obstacles faced are management, worker or supplier disapproval, and also changing the culture of the company. Inventory is at the minimum level necessary to keep operations running. JIT Inventory Tactics: Use a pull system to move inventory; Reduce lot sizes; Develop just-in-time delivery systems with suppliers; Deliver directly to point of use; Perform to schedule; Reduce setup time; Use group technology. Different from JIT in that it is externally focused on the customer: Starts with understanding what the customer wants: Optimize the entire process from the customer’s perspective. The main benefits of lean operations systems are: 1. Reduced cost through reduced inventory levels 2. Higher quality 3. Reduced lead time 4. Increased productivity 5. Reduced amounts of waste Inventories should never be used as the solution to fix machine malfunctions. One method that JIT systems uses to minimize inventory is to have suppliers deliver goods directly to the production floor. Overall, carrying low inventories offers many benefits such as less carrying cost, less space needed, and less rework to complete in case of a product recall. Lean systems can also be referred to as â€Å"just-in-time† (JIT) systems. The object of a lean system is to create a system that is demand driven, and provides supply based on demand at any given point. Lean systems tend to concentrate on waste reduction and have continuous improvement.

Select one topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Select one topic - Essay Example Hence the term â€Å"ethnicity†. This paper looks behind the deep issues involved in the rise of the term â€Å"ethnicity† and why social scientists now prefer to use the term â€Å"ethnicity† over â€Å"race†. Various data and irrefutable information will be presented coming from peer-reviewed journals, books, and appropriate websites in order to explain how the change from â€Å"race† to â€Å"ethnicity† took place over the course of time. A look into the history of the study of human race and its evolution will show that the concept of â€Å"race† is something that can trace its early roots to the European slave trade. The concept itself is the result of a scientific revolution that emerged during the time of European imperialism and colonization. Due to the influence of people from various parts of the world upon European culture and social conduct, Europeans began to suspect that there were marked differences in the physical, social, and cultural awareness of human groups. It became their opinion that some human beings from particular parts of the world were of a higher physical, social, and cultural background than the rest. Therefore, a division between the people must exist. This division was meant to connote the higher group of people from those deemed more inferior. The term â€Å"race† was then coined in order to create a semblance of control over the African slaves using a type of mind conditio ning related to the term used to describe them or their â€Å"race†. With the widespread use of the term â€Å"race† across the globe, it became clear to social scientists that the term was used to define the real or imagined physical differences between people. The differences could be based upon visible and obvious differences such as skin color and physical appearance. Once a person is defined by his â€Å"race†, it then becomes his social identity which tends to influence social

Week 2 - IT STRATEGY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 2 - IT STRATEGY - Essay Example Therefore, by determining both the short and long term impact of the project to the organization through evaluation, the governance body finds stable grounds to prioritize an IT project (Dye & Pennypacker, 1999). Secondly, IT projects can be prioritized, by the governance body, through analysis of the value of the business to all the stakeholders (both external and internal). This analysis need to define the business value in terms of cost, quality, efficiency and flexibility. All these factors are crucial as they allow the governance body to identify or rather find the priorities of different stakeholders. Involving the key stakeholders is as important as the business itself because they need to have an understanding of the projects’ nature and how they will impact on the entire business. This levels the playing field for all stakeholders and cuts across the culture and political aspects in the organization. Therefore, an IT project can be given priority according to the preferences or priorities of the business’ stakeholders (Rad & Levin,

Guest lecturer reports Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Guest lecturer reports - Essay Example By so doing, no one will be to blame upon failure of a particular technology. There are different views on the relationship between technology and society. Technological determinism argues on the basis of engineers devising a technology which is either rejected or adapted by the society. It sees technological development as inevitable and autonomous. Political determinism incorporates commercial imperatives and global capitalism while social constructivism relays the possibilities of innovation when technology is embedded in its social context. Engineers as societies have management thus self-regulated. They operate on the basis of division of labour and it is such management that aided in the launch of the Challenger Space Shuttle. Being the 2nd innovation in the space exploration, it completed nine successful missions before exploding in the 10th mission. Although it halted the passion for space missions, judgments on the cause of the explosion began. Political explanation linked t he explosion to low temperatures while engineers put blames on the management. The judgment was considered from scientific perspective where an analysis on the design of the space shuttle was made. It was finally discerned that Challenger explosion was due to failure of any joints that exist between the two lower sections of the right solid rocket motor [Rumerman, 2000]. Basically, there are technical problems that existed but engineers did not concentrate to it. Perhaps, joint rotation was a minor problem and was fixed by SRB O-rings. However, NASA and Morton Thiokol (MT) engineers do not reach a consensus on the O-ring problems. Tests are done to solve the conflicting ideas of the size of gap that affected the sealing capacity of the rings. NASA uses electrical instrument to measure rotation and concludes that joint rotation is a serious problem because SRB fails test. On the other hand, Morton Thiokol engineers prove that joint rotation is not a serious problem despite failure of SRB in the 8th cycle of the hydro burst test. The challenger launch decision is thus upheld to meet appropriate professional standards. Judgments should be made based on evidence relating to materials, environment and people. Considering this fact, they make sure that before implementing a particular technology, it is safe enough to be handled by people. Scientific ideas and principles may be complex and controversial if it differs from social judgment (National academics, 2013). Engineering judgments should provide pragmatic solutions. For instance, the rocket motor is designed with seals which work under conditions of temperature and pressure that exceed expected launch. This helps to create a scientific experience to bring back the thought that long halted the launch of space program until the facts of the dimensional problems were identified. In order to protect public welfare, engineers must be aware of the test designs to be applied in providing solutions (Lewis, & Richard, 1 988). The challenger launch decision therefore was based on a new recommendation which stated that low temperature was not a big problem notwithstanding facts that the prediction of the launch temperatures was outside NASA specifications. This follows acceptance of recommendations made by MT engineers and a decision to launch the space shuttle

British politics in the 21st century Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

British politics in the 21st century - Essay Example The event did not only unleash Major’s daring spirit, but also brought out a dormant political acumen by his participating openly in the fight against Saddam Hussein and by his deciding to topple the despotic regime. He was one of the prime movers of the so-called Operation Desert Storm, or its British equivalent, the Operation Granby. Among European nations, it was the UK who sent the largest military contingents in the combat operations of the war. The prime minister worked closely with the United Nations Security Council and the United States to free Kuwait from an Iraqi invasion and to protect thousands of Kurds from the deposed dictator’s persecution. UK then established its ‘Safe Haven’ policy to accommodate refugees and saved tens of thousands of lives (Jones & Kavanagh 2003). Major also sought solution to the long-time tensions in Northern Ireland and launched the government’s peace process initiative. He discussed pivotal agreements with the Taoiseachs of Ireland, and subsequently issued the 1993 Downing Street Declaration, which affirmed the right of the Irish people to self-determination and that Northern Ireland be transferred to the Republic of Ireland upon a referendum.   Aside from being a staunch advocate of public services and education, Major was also a key player in the economic recovery of UK. During his term, inflation rates were kept low and the unemployment incidence down (Buxton et al. 1998). This, he obtained through his strong.... Major also sought solution to the long-time tensions in Northern Ireland and launched the government’s peace process initiative. He discussed pivotal agreements with the Taoiseachs of Ireland, and subsequently issued the 1993 Downing Street Declaration, which affirmed the right of the Irish people to self-determination and that Northern Ireland be transferred to the Republic of Ireland upon a referendum.    Aside from being a staunch advocate of public services and education, Major was also a key player in the economic recovery of UK. During his term, inflation rates were kept low and the unemployment incidence down (Buxton et al. 1998). This, he obtained through his strong convictions on UK’s role in the European Union and against the Social Chapter. He was also responsible for the creation of the Council Tax, which resulted in premium public services such as policing and garbage collection during the time. In addition, Major launched the National Lottery with the go al of raising supplemental budget for the arts, culture and sports.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ultimately, Major can be considered a lucky politician because amid fierce faultfinding and disapproval both from his colleagues in the government and from the general public, propelled by media’s insinuation, he still emerged victorious in the General Election of 1992 and in 1995.    2- To what extent, if at all, did the SDP succeed in â€Å"breaking the mould of British politics† and the main impact of the creation of the SDP was to delay Labour’s recovery and keep the Conservative Party in office for longer than it would otherwise have been†. Discuss? Created in 1981, the Social Democratic Party came as a surprise

The Catholic Church and Its Influence on Africans in Colonial Latin Essay

The Catholic Church and Its Influence on Africans in Colonial Latin America - Essay Example The Church used a number of ways for a number of ways for conveying its messages and maintaining the order which ranged from the content of the sermons to the establishment of institutions like the Inquisition. The Catholic Church was an influential and powerful institution in colonial Latin American society, but its teachings were not followed by all the members of the colonial Latin American society. Africans in Colonial Latin America As Landers pointed out that the Africans started living in Latin America about a century before they started living in the United States. In her book ‘Slaves, Subjects and Subversives’ she studied the African Diaspora in Latin America. The study includes the experiences of many types of African descents, most of them were slaves, but there were also free people. She also presented her views about Christianity which was purposefully and religiously used for enslaving oppressors.1 Out of about twelve million Africans only eleven million cou ld survive the trauma and horror of slavery of the Middle Passage and mostly worked as slaves in plantation. Their and their decedent’s experiences of plantation slavery are horrible realities of the Iberian colonies of Latin America. The Catholic Church played a key role in soothing their sufferings.2 The Role of the Catholic Church in Maintaining Social Order The entire population of the Colonial Latin America society was under the influence of the Catholic Church including Africans who were mostly slaves and the Church served as an institution aiming to maintain the social order in the society. The Catholic Church tried to ensure that the social order is not overturned by the Africans or the slaves. The sermons of the Catholic Church did not approve the extreme cruelty of the slave owners and often criticized them, but they didn’t say anything against the slavery. The sermons of Padre Antonio Vieira instructed African slaves to obey their masters irrespective of the extreme cruel treatment by them. The sermons also talked about the rewards in the heaven for their sufferings on the Earth and insisted to pay attention on peace of their souls neglecting their physical pains.3 These sermons meant to comfort African slaves so that the social order is not disturbed. The sermons of the Catholic Church also tried to minimize any possibility by the African slaves to rise up against their masters or to escape from their masters. The sermons aimed to divert the focus of the African slaves from their sufferings to the afterlife and their souls. The sermons emphasized on neglecting worldly pains for the peace of souls and afterlife and ensured that the slaves are loyal to their masters and masters are obeyed by them so that the social order is maintained. The Catholic Church also used the institution like the Inquisition to maintain the social order. The Inquisition was used for interrogating and bringing to trial those who don’t follow the teaching s of the Catholic Church and go against it. â€Å"The Inquisition investigated everything from not living up to the teachings of the Church, to practicing Judaism, to charges of sorcery†

International Dispute Settlement. Galactic Commodities Inc case Essay

International Dispute Settlement. Galactic Commodities Inc case studies - Essay Example In this discussion, decisions enacted as arbitral awards will be considered; this award means that settlements are implemented after being recorded in an arbitral proceeding. Different issues present themselves in this situation in instances when the law would allow the â€Å"settlement reached in conciliation to be recorded in an enforceable arbitral award† 4. One such issue pertains to form requirements which vary from country to country. An issue in this case is if there is a requirement for clarification for the settlement to be recorded in an award. Should the payment and performance obligations agreed upon be written in much the same way as awards? Or should the tribunals reconceptualize such obligations in the award into others?5 The award based on agreed terms should therefore be clear enough to be enforced without the need for reformulation of interpretation. Recording settlements in an award are based on providing finality and enabling a faster enforcement of the set tlement6. In instances when the parties call for an arbitral tribunal to carry out an award based on agreed terms, risks are often seen and problems of clarity can arise when the parties negotiating settlement are focused on the elements of the settlement, not on the need to fulfill the formal requirements of awards7. An issue may also be seen when the settlement of the parties resolves only some of the issues being forwarded8. This situation can sometimes be easily resolved when a partial award would be given and the other issues are left unresolved. A greater issue results when the settlement includes matters â€Å"which are not within the jurisdiction of the arbitrators, either because such matters fall outside the arbitration agreement or because they have not been submitted to the arbitrators for determination†9. In instances when the settlement resolves matters which are not included in the arbitration agreement, it is clear that the arbitral tribunal does not have cove rage in resolving the issue and rendering awards on the dispute. Another issue which would arise relates to the fact that the settlement gives rights to a party who is not included in the arbitration. This is seen in instances when both or one of the parties belong to a group of corporations where the settled performance must be made or the rights must be exercised by a parent or a sister company10. Awards on the terms agreed upon cannot bind the rights of the third party. The follow-up question in this case is if the arbitral tribunal would still record the settlement in the award. In these instances, the dispute raised before the tribunal is resolved and the arbitration is terminated. If the law allows the tribunal to record the settlement in the award or when the different parties allow the tribunal to record the settlement, the tribunal would now be confused and would be in a dilemma on what to do11. Still another question is if statements shall be possible to record in award fo rms on terms agreed upon. Motives for settlements recorded in awards on agreed terms may not be successfully captured in declaratory statements. But on the other hand, the res judicata effect may already be sufficient reason12. The right to implement awards on agreed terms can call for requests by both parties. The issue arises on what the tribunal should do if the settlement

Business Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Business Research - Essay Example The wholesale and retail trading is a flouring industry in Singapore. The first quarter of 2007 registered 5.6% rise in income over the corresponding quarter of the previous year. The other three quarters also recorded significantly higher rise in income relative to that of the previous year [Table A2.7] (Central Provident Fund Board, 2008). These details indicate that the retail sector is growing in the recent years to a great extent. It is clear that there are a number of opportunities for ABC to expand its activities in the retail sector. Hence it is essential that ABC should concentrate on more number of localities in order to gain the first mover advantage (Jobber, 2004). It also has the added advantage of providing expendable items such as food products, beverages and tobacco products, in addition to the household goods. It is noticeable from the data in the Private Consumption Expenditure [Table A1.6] that there is a 4.3% increase in demand for Foods & Non-Alcoholic Beverages, 1.6% more on Clothing & Footwear, 2.2% more on Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco, 3.4% more on Furnishing, Household equipment & Maintenance (Statistics Singapore, 2008). The data on private consumption indicates that the market is growing in Singapore and that the demand for goods is increasing as people are ready to spend more on their household expenditures. The important thing to notice is that all most of the products that have shown an increase in consumption are covered by ABC mini-mart. Hence it is evident that ABC mini-mart can gain more market share by expanding its operations to other feasible locations. The ABC mini-mart has to analyze the market segments it serves in order to arrive at a conclusion on their user behaviour and expectations (Evans and Moutinho, 1999). Another important thing to be considered is their spending power (Sloman and Sutcliffe, 2004). The younger age group of Singapore, i.e., age 15 and over, are the main target market segments for ABC

Body Image Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Body Image - Essay Example During the year 1870s, anorexia nervosa first existed and was initially perceived as a nervous disorder associated with young women. But in the 19th century, anorexia is defined as: "(1) a refusal to maintain a normal body weight with body weight at least 15 percent below that expected; (2) an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat despite being underweight; (3) body image distortion, 'feeling fat' and overvaluation of thinness; and (4) a reduction of food intake, avoidance of fattening foods, often with extensive exercise, self-induced vomiting, laxative or diuretic abuse so as to achieve the weight loss and maintain a low body weight" (qtd. in Malson 3). Out of many studies from different researchers about the severity of eating disorder, it was Lacey's (1985) "false self" and "borderline" eating-disordered patients that corresponded to the most severe forms of the illness. Lacy's (1985) idea on "false self" was actually motivated from observations of Winnicott (1975) that discrepancies in the self came out either as an adaptation to a lack of emphatic encouragement and support from the primary caretaker, or as an unintentional consequence of miscuing between mother and child. Consequently, due to this disruption, it might cause problems in introspective/reflective awareness, or insufficient consolidation of self-regulatory skills. Since there is already a lack of inner awareness, an adolescent eating-disordered woman might present with an undemanding, compliant personality that is sensitive to outer, but not inner signs (Eliot 2004). Accordingly, the woman might tend to be a "people pleaser" whose pseudo-maturity and intuitive auto nomy are part of the false pretense. On the other hand, the so-called "borderline" patients encompassed the most seriously ill group even up to the present day. Particular characteristics portrayed by these patients are the perception of themselves as overwhelmed, always in danger, of no value, and unattractive. Correspondingly, they see other people as corrective, controlling, and insensitively critical. Their fragmented sense of self and fragile ego boundaries often result in poor impulse control and a anxious search for external tension regulation. Behaviors that are exhibited in order to lessen and alleviate a sense of internal emptiness and despair cause these patients to be poly-symptomatic and particularly difficult to help. Factors Affecting Anorexia Nervosa There are in point of fact numerous factors that can be enumerated that affect eating disorders in women. It may be due to socio-cultural factors, family problems, individual vulnerability as a result of trauma or things that might have gone wrong in the difficult early mother-child relationship, and the influence brought about by the mass media. In sticking with the scope of this paper, the socio-cultural factors and the mass media are the only factors that are further discussed aligning to this paper's purpose. Socio-cultural Factors As women reach adolescence, they undergo a lot of physical changes like their size and shape. It is also during this time when culture

Discuss the Role that Alfieri Plays Essay Example for Free

Discuss the Role that Alfieri Plays Essay Arthur Millers A View from the Bridge is a modern tragedy set in 1950s Brooklyn about a mans obsession with his niece, and what that obsession ultimately brings about. Eddie Carbone, a hard- working dockworker is the tragic hero of the piece who struggles with how he feels about his niece, Catherine. Miller manages identify and raise many themes concerning the people who lived in the area in which the play was set, themes such as family, justice, respect and death, themes that played a big part in society during that era. Alfieri is the narrator of the play; he is like a sort of Greek chorus in the sense that he divides the scenes with monologues, he also explains to the audience the themes and adds depth to the play. From the very beginning of the play Alfieri hints towards tragedy, he does this a few times in his prologue, for example, he says: I am inclined to see the ruin in things, This tells the audience or readers straight away, at the beginning of the play that Alfieri can see that Eddies story is going to end in disaster. Towards the end of the prologue, it is clear that Alfieri can do nothing to avert the play from tragedy. another lawyer, quite differently dressed, heard the same complaint and sat there as powerless as I, watched it run its bloody course. The quote explains that nobody could do anything to change what is going to happen. It also hints that blood is going to be spilt and someone is going to die. When Marco and Rodolfo first arrive they act very differently, Marco enters the house greets everyone and shows Eddie a lot of respect and thanks him, whereas Rodolfo does not show any gratitude toward Eddie at all. The stage instructions show that Eddie, whenever he asks a question about them, he goes to Marco and totally bypasses Rodolfo. Eddie shows hostility towards him from the very beginning, for example, when Rodolfo starts singing Paper Doll, Eddie interrupts and warns him that by singing it could raise suspicion about them because singing is different and as Eddie says: Because we never had no singers here and all of a sudden theres a singer in the house, yknow what I mean? Eddie begins to act differently, jealous that he is no longer getting all the attention in the house, instead, Rodolfo is getting all of the attention from the women, he doesnt like this so he stops him from singing and uses the excuse above to regain control of the household. The first time Eddie meets Alfieri to see if there is any legal action he can take against Rodolfo to get him away from Catherine. He is now incredibly jealous of Rodolfo and Catherines relationship, this is because of his incest feeling for Katy, Alfieri tells him about how he feels is wrong during their meeting: We all love somebody, the wife, the kids- every mans got somebody that he loves, heh? But sometimes theres too much. You know? Theres too much and it goes where it mustnt. Eddie cannot admit these feelings, and gets annoyed that he cant do anything without immigration officers finding out about Marco and Rodolfo because it would involve betrayal, and that creates conflict within him. On one hand, he could betray Marco and Rodolfo and go against every thing he stands for by telling immigration, but on the other he could leave things as the stand and sit back to watch Catherine get married to Rodolfo and push his feelings aside. It is because Eddie cannot push his feelings for Katy aside that he dies, whatever he did he could not let her grow up. As Alfieri said, he did love her too much in the wrong way. This play could have ended many ways without violence, for instance, if Eddie forgot about his incest feeling or if Marco could have forgiven Eddie and apologised when Eddie demanded for his name, maybe the characters would have acted differently, but because they did not this play demonstrates many examples of betrayal, justice, honour, death and many other themes. Alfieri provides link between scenes and helps the audience understand Eddie and in a way the way he thinks.

Privacy Issues in Social Networking and Social Media

Privacy Issues in Social Networking and Social Media Sophie Muthen Privacy is becoming increasingly irrelevant in the context of social networking sites and social media. Discuss. Nowadays sharing personal information on social networking sites (SNS) has become a social norm, users feel comfortable about sharing their private life online but the issues of privacy online still remains. Martin Zuckerberg stated himself in 2010 that users of SNS have now become more open, sharing more and more personal information online and with a greater number of people. This may have become a social norm in our modern times but users should keep in mind that those information can be used in harmful ways such as for identity theft or stalking. Therefore a balance should be kept between online disclosure and privacy as tipping the scales may be harmful to the users. Users of SNS should take into consideration what kind of information they share online and to whom it should be divulged to. This is why users of social networking sites should develop technical skills to protect their privacy online. This essay will explore the different privacy issues people may face on SNS and ho w a balance between online disclosure and privacy should be maintained to successfully function in both the online and offline world. A clear understanding of social networking sites and privacy issues online is the key to this issue. In the recent years social networking sites (SNS) have attracted millions of people as on such sites people can communicate in various ways. As Beye et al. (n.d) SNS allow people to create a network that represent their social ties, easily share media content online, provides a communication channel and share the daily aspect of their life with friends. However there are potential threats that are posed to privacy of the users, as due to SNS personal information are exposed to a wider audience and often information about a user are posted by others without the his or her consent. Therefore social media complicates the boundaries of what personal information are rendered public. Users of SNS have become so comfortable with the sharing of personal information online that they are not aware of the dangers they face online due to privacy issues. Sharing our everyday life with friends and relatives with just a few clicks is indeed nice but people often forget that digital information is â€Å"persistent and can arbitrarily be copied, distributed, and repurposed† (Debatin, 2011, p. 57). When creating a profile on SNS you are to provide information such as your age, name and the country where you live. These information can easily be accessed either by the public or hackers and this is what leads to identity thefts. As all your personal information are available on the site anyone can use this information to steal the identity of users. Another problem that arises from privacy issues is stalking. Zheleva and Geetor (2009) explains that while the user may choose to make his profile private the friendship links and group affiliation are often visible to the p ublic. This is how the information leaks occurs, people not in your group of friends can see the posts in which you are tagged in which is how they may be able to access your personal information even though your profile remains private. These information link may allow stalkers to follow your activities online. This may also happen when you befriend people online without knowing their identity. Nowadays it has become a trend to share your everyday activity online, for example, you could post that you are at Bagatelle mall right now. This may allow stalkers to know your every move and schedule daily. The problem of stalkers can also be linked to sexual predators, who looks for younger girls on SNS and add them as friends, they then view the personal information of those girls and stalk them online. Another privacy that users can face is that the information they shared remains online even after four to five years when they have forgotten about it. Companies or the law for investigat ions of social background. Users should be aware of those various privacy issues and share personal information with caution on SNS. While discretion should be exercised when sharing personal information online, there are various benefits to online disclosure. In real life when forming social bonds you selectively reveal personal information, to feel closer to the person and get to know each other. Therefore when doing so on social networking sites (SNS) people also create social bonds with each other. They get to know each other and form friendships but in an online environment. So, SNS has given people a network where they can socialize and form social bonds with people without being limited by distance or time. For example, a man from Mauritius could be able to communicate with a woman from France if he wishes to. SNS have therefore removed this barrier of distance in socialization, allowing people from all other the world to communicate with each other. â€Å"Benniger (1987) describes how mass media has gradually replaced interpersonal communication as a socializing force† (Barnes, 2006). SNS have also increased the number of people with who we can socialize with as due to those websites users are able to form social bonds with multiple people at the same time. â€Å"SNSs have amplified the threshold to the number of social bonds any one human can have† (Papacharissi Gibson, 2011, p. 82). When using SNS you share personal information about yourself, which in turn allows you to connect with people with similar interests or mind set. This allow people to feel less isolated as they are able to communicate with people which are similar to them and they are even able â€Å"mobilize to address the issues that matter to them† (Westlake, 2008, p. 37). The ability to connect with people through social networking sites has made us arguably more social. A balance between online disclosure and privacy is essential for SNS to have a beneficial effect on people’s life. As Debatin (2011) explains, people don’t often realise the importance of privacy as the impact of disclosure is not immediate whereas the benefits of SNS are tangible and felt immediately. While privacy is a basic human right acknowledged by the UN Declaration of Human Rights, users of SNS have to insist on their privacy rights and acquire the technical skills to be able to protect their privacy online. To do so users must be aware of the privacy issues they face online and develop strategies to solve this issues. Nowadays users of social networking sites can choose the level of privacy on their profile, they are able to manage their online privacy themselves and decide if certain information will be visible to the public or only to their friends. â€Å"In order to address users’ privacy concerns, a number of social media and social network websites , such as Facebook, Orkut and Flickr, allow their participants to set the privacy level of their online profiles and to disclose either some or none of the attributes in their profiles† (Zheleva Getoor, 2009, p. 531). Users must therefore learn how to manage those privacy settings to build a secure environment on SNS which will then prevent them from facing issues such as identity theft or stalking. They must make the most of the features provided by SNS to protect their privacy. Developing the appropriate skills to use social networking sites allow users to maintain the fragile balance between online disclosure and privacy. Social media has changed our mind set concerning the amount of personal information that should or should not be rendered public. In the late 1990’s when the internet began gaining popularity it was almost unthinkable to post your photo, location or even your real name online. With SNSs finding success in the mid 2000’s, people allowed this technology to enlarge their comfort zones, as it gave them more freedom to share personal information online and therefore with time making them feel more at ease to do so. Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg even goes as far as saying that â€Å"privacy is no longer a social norm† (BCS, 2010). We have been changed by this new technology and while online disclosure has many benefits such as uniting people and creating social bonds, users must keep in mind that they must make the most social networking sites while keeping their right to privacy intact. It has been argued that a balance between privacy and online disclosure is essential when sharing information on SNSs. The dangers of not taking into consideration privacy issues were weighed up against the social benefits of disclosure. It was therefore concluded that the logical solution was for users of SNSs to understand the functioning of social sites and make the best of their privacy settings to create a safe environment online for them to communicate and share personal information with other people. The potential of SNSs to create social enhancement should be embraced but a balance must be constantly kept between privacy and online disclosure. References Barnes, S. (2006). A privacy paradox: Social networking in the United States.First Monday,11(9). doi:10.5210/fm.v11i9.1394 Bcs.org,. (2015).Zuckerberg: Privacy no longer a social-norm | BCS The Chartered Institute for IT. Retrieved 1 June 2015, from http://www.bcs.org/content/conWebDoc/34018 Beye, M., Jeckmans, A., Arkins, Z., Hartel, P., Lagendijk, R., Tang, Q. Privacy in Online Social Networks, 1-3. Retrieved from http://doc.utwente.nl/81270/1/Beye12privacy.pdf Boyd, D., Hargittai, E. (2010). Facebook privacy settings: Who cares?.First Monday,15(8). doi:10.5210/fm.v15i8.3086 Debatin, B. (2011). Ethics, Privacy, and Self-Restraint in Social Networking. In S. Trepte L. Reinecke (Eds.), Privacy Online: Perspectives on Privacy and Self-Disclosure in the Social Web (pp. 47-60). Berlin: Springer-Verlag. Dwyer, C., Hiltz, S., Passerini, K. (2007). Trust and privacy concern within social networking sites: A comparison of Facebook and MySpace. Houghton, D., Joinson, A. (2010). Privacy, Social Network Sites, and Social Relations.Journal Of Technology In Human Services,28(1-2), 74-94. doi:10.1080/15228831003770775 Madden, M. (2012). Privacy management on social media sites. Papacharissi, Z. Gibson, P. L. (2011). Fifteen Minutes of Privacy: Privacy, Sociality, and Publicity on Social Network Sites. In S. Trepte L. Reinecke (Eds.), Privacy Online: Perspectives on Privacy and Self-Disclosure in the Social Web (pp. 74-89). Berlin: Springer-Verlag. Walther, J. B. (2011). Introduction to Privacy Online. In S. Trepte L. Reinecke (Eds.), Privacy Online: Perspectives on Privacy and Self-Disclosure in the Social Web (pp. 3-8). Berlin: Springer-Verlag Westlake, E. (2008). Friend Me if You Facebook: Generation Y and Performative Surveillance.TDR/The Drama Review,52(4), 21-40. doi:10.1162/dram.2008.52.4.21 Zheleva, E., Getoor, L. (2009). To Join or Not to Join: The Illusion of Privacy in Social Networks with Mixed Public and Private User Profiles, 531-535. Retrieved from http://www2009.eprints.org/54/1/p531.pdf Sophie Muthen 18073799 Essay

How Do The Social Media Affect Our Culture Media Essay

How Do The Social Media Affect Our Culture Media Essay Ill just quickly go to Erics house to see if Erics Home, and ask what hes doing tonight. I hope that Monica is not involved with Eric, although I often see her talking to that guy. Or shall I call Amber, because I heard she likes me. That was a typical youngster life about 50 years ago. When you wanted to talk to someone, you went to him or her, or gave them a phone call. That was our way of interacting with people in our culture back then. Quickly looking if Eric has posted something this night on Twitter. Hoping that Monica isnt doing something this evening, although she often sends messages to that guy on Facebook. Or shall I talk to Amber on Facebook chat? She likes all my pictures, maybe she fancies me? This is a more modern approach which we would use nowadays. Just compare the two examples, and you see the big difference. Therefore we can ask ourselves the question: Are we connected better nowadays with social media, or are we worse off? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Our culture has norms and values. It makes us who we are, what we feel connected to and how we behave. One of the aspects of culture is social interaction between people. How we behave to one another and in which way we do that. Social media has taken a big role in our social interaction. We no longer have to speak to a person to know what they are doing. We just look on twitter of Facebook. Or we give them a quick message on MSN or Whatsapp. This leads to less real-life or physical contact. This could be seen in a negative and in a positive way. The real connection such as visual and emotional expressions arent shown anymore, because you both look at a computerized display. This way messages could be understood differently than they should be, because they dont get to know the real meaning behind the message. Social media can create a gap between generations. The majority of social media users are teenagers or young adults. [fact1: 50% of the world population is under 30 years of age] Although more and more people start to use this type of media, it are especially younger people who start using social media, not adults. People who are for example 50 years or older do have trouble to keep updated with all modern technology like computers, not even mentioning the social media use on these computers. We dont have a choice on whether we DO social media, the question is how well DO it Erik Qualman Social media can also be dangerous. That might sound odd, but you all might have experienced the dangers of social media before. When you posted something on Facebook or Twitter, and after that you regret that you made that post. Thats a negative side of internet. We all have to be careful now with what we do or what we say. When things are put on the internet, it can stay there forever. When there was no internet, words that were said would just be forgotten after a certain time, and people couldnt copy it. Now with social media, messages can be copied, duplicated and spread so easily that you really have to be careful with what you say. Your privacy can also be put to the test by showing and sharing all the things you do. People know what you are doing, where you are and what your status is. [fact1: there are over 110 million updates posted on Facebook and Twitter every day] Many people dont do anything with it, but some will use that information for purposes you dont want them to use. So called leaking info can also be dangerous. For example in important negations or other meetings, there have been multiple people who accidentally leaked important and secret information which were shown in such meetings. There are other things important too for our culture. Our very own Dutch language for example. Its used less and less on social media. This is due to the globalization and English being used more and more often as an lingua franca. [fact1: if Facebook were a country, it would be worlds 3rd largest country in terms of population] Nowadays you see and increasing use of English: English quotes, abbreviations (brb = be right back, omwt = on my way to.. and ftw = for the win) or complete English sentences. There are multiple reasons for this: English sounds a lot cooler than some Dutch words. Some jokes are only funny in English or you have an audience in mind that doesnt speak your language, but who do speak English. Social media is not only negative. On the other hand contact is made easier, because you have a sort of safety behind your computer or mobile phone. Nobody sees you. You can act out who you want (remember though: this can be deceiving too). You also make contact easier via social media. Many people prefer a message via internet on e.g. Facebook or Twitter than giving them a call or go by and visit them. People are usually more shy in public. Therefore you can say that there could be more social interaction between people, and a reason for that contact is made easier than before. Social media invites people to write more messages, updates or other messaging. You have to keep updated by reading your friends updates, but you have to post what you are doing too; making dinner, going to the beach or just going to sleep. [fact1: visiting social sites is now more popular than checking personal email] It reaches all your updated friends on social media, so the message you sent is multiplied dozens of times. Its like give a speech to a huge square filled with people. The only difference with that speech is that social media messaging happens every minute, those speeches only take place a certain amount of times in a year, because not everybody wants to group-up too often. Focus on how to BE social, not how to DO social Jay Baer Social Media are sometimes called the biggest shift since the industrial revolution. We all notice that social media has turned into something really big. Some use it more often than others, but our culture has changed. There is now more contact via internet. Will this in the end kill our social cohesion and will groups of people be left out? Or will our social interaction become extensive and will our relationships get better? These are all questions which cant be answered yet and can only be answered in the future. The thing we do know is that how social media changes our culture is all in our hands; how we deal with it. Be careful with what you do on social media, because before you know it, social media can blow it. It is a great gift though, and with proper and with humble use, we all can enjoy the use of it; whether Monica is doing something tonight or if Amber is really into me.. -Ivo Brouwer

Christianity And Lord Of The Rings Essay -- essays research papers

If the study of literature shows nothing else, it shows that every author, consciously or subconsciously, creates his (or her) work after his (or her) own worldview. Tolkien is no exception. "I am a Christian..." he writes(1), and his book shows it. Christianity appears not as allegory--Tolkien despises that(2)--nor as analogy, but as deep under girding presuppositions, similarities of pattern, and shared symbols. That there should be similarities between the presuppositions of of The Lord of the Rings and Tolkien's Catholic faith is to be expected given Tolkien's own views on Christianity and myth. Regarding the gospel story Tolkien wrote, "The gospels contain a fairy-story, or a story of a larger kind which embraces all the essences of fairy-stories."(3)Since all myths are subordinate to the overarching "myth," it would be surprising if parallels were not found between greater and lesser. This is certainly true where the author consciously recognizes his archetype. If he has at all grasped its form and meaning, if the archetype has at all succeeded in working its way to his heart, then it must also work its way to his pen. The essence of the gospel and of fairy-tales is, in Tolkien's own word, euchatastrophe--the surprising, hopeful turn in all man's despair and sorrow. Joy is the result, a brief glimpse springing out of the inherent evangelium of the genre.(4)This is the dominant note of, and even the apology for, fairy-tales. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings trilogy is set in a pre-Christian world. Hence it cannot adopt an explicit Christianity. Nonetheless it can, and does, shadow Christianity just as the Old Testament pre-shadowed the New, although admittedly Tolkien's is a post-view set as a pre-view. The Christian types to be found in The Lord of the Rings which we will examine are of two sorts: shared world view and shared symbols. The first category embraces such distinctly philosophical issues as good and evil, historical perspective, freewill and predestination, grace, mercy, providence, judgment and redemption. The development of these themes in The Lord of the Rings is Christian or at least Hebraic. Shared imagery is no less important to the tenor of the whole work. An example of shared imagery is the antithesis of dark and light so evident in both John the Apostle and Tolkien. Observe the close connection between Hal... ...Apollo Editions) pp. 158-77.[back] 18. I-347. [back] Additonal References Auden, W. H. "Good and Evil in The Lord of the Rings." Critical Quarterly 10 (Spring/Summer 1968) pp 138-42. ------------ "A World Imaginary but Real." Encounter 3 (November, 1954) pp. 59-62. Callahan, Patrick J. "Animism and Magic in Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings." Riverside Quarterly, Volume 14 No. 4 (March 1971) pp. 240-250. Kocher, Paul Harold. Master of Middle Earth; the Fiction of J. R. R. Tolkien. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972. Meisel, Sandra L. "Some Motifs and Sources for The Lord of the Rings." Riverside Quarterly 3 (March 1968) pp. 125-8. Pfotenhauer, Paul. "Christian Themes in Tolkien." Cresset 32 (January 1969) pp. 13-15. Sale, Roger. "England's Parnassus: C. S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and J. R. R. Tolkien." Hudson Review 17 (Summer, 1964) pp. 203-225. Stimpson, Catherine R. J. R. R. Tolkien. Columbia Essays on Modern Authors #41. New York:Columbia University Press, 1969. Urang, Gunnar. Shadows of Heaven: Religion and Fantasy in the Writings of C. S. Lewis, Charles Williams and J. R. R. Tolkien. Philadelphia: Pilgrim Press, 1971.

Affirmative Action :: Affirmative Action Racism History Essays

Affirmative Action Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though affirmative action may have been valuable in the beginning, it has long since outlived any usefulness it may have had. That it ever had any usefulness is questionable, based on comparisons between overall black populations socioeconomic standing today and that of the mid-1960’s. Today, it is little more than a scapegoat behind which inferior performance can hid very well, and that scapegoat’s upkeep has become far too extravagant in today’s society.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"We didn’t land on Plymouth Rock my brothers and sisters--Plymouth Rock landed on us,† Malcolm X’s observation is brought out by the facts of America history. Snatched from their native land transported thousands of miles--in a nightmare of disease and death and sold into slavery blacks were reduced into the legal status of farm animals. Even after emancipation, blacks were segregated from whites--in some states by law, in social practice almost everywhere. American apartheid continued for another century. In 1954 the Supreme Court declared state compelled segregation in schools unconstitutional, and it followed up that decisions with others that struck down many other forms of official segregation. Still discrimination survived, and in most southern states blacks were either discouraged or prohibited from excersizing their rights to vote. Not until the 1960’s was compulsory segregation finally and effectively challenged. Between 1 964 and 1968 congress passed the most sweeping legislation since the end of the Civil War. It banned discrimination in employment, public accommodation,( hotels, motels, restaurants, etc.), and housing; it also guaranteed voting rights for blacks in areas suspected of disenfranchising blacks. Today, several agencies in the federal government excursive sweeping powers to enforce these civil rights measures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After the United States congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964, it became apparent that certain business traditions, such as seniority, status and aptitude tests, prevented total equality in employment. The president Lyndon B. Johnson decided something needed to be done to remedy these flaws. On September 24, 1965 he issued an Executive Order #11246 at Howard University that required federal contractors â€Å"to take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed... without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin.† When President Johnson signed that order, he enacted one of the most discriminating pieces of legislation since the Jim Crow laws were passed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Affirmative action was first created in effort to help minorities leap the discriminative barriers that were ever so present when the bill first took action in 1965.

Symbols and Symbolism Essay - Imagery and Symbolism in The Yellow Wallpaper :: Yellow Wallpaper essays

Imagery and Symbolism in The Yellow Wallpaper On my first reading of Charlotte Perkins Gilman's "The Yellow Wallpaper", I found the short story extremely well done and the author, successful at getting her idea across.   Gilman's use of imagery and symbolism only adds to the reality of the nameless main character's sheltered life and slow progression into insanity or some might say, out of insanity.   The short story is written in first person and it is from our nameless character's writing's that we are introduced to her world and her life.   It is through this that we see our main characters transition into a world that only she has access to.   She changes dramatically from our first meeting while everyone else stays very flat and unaffected.   This method is very effective in that this story from someone else's perspective would not be as real and understanding.   The outside world would have written about a crazy woman who slowly goes mad for no reason.   Only through her eyes can we see the true reason for her, not madness, epiphany. The story begins when she and her husband have just moved into a colonial mansion to relieve her chronic nervousness.   An ailment her husband has conveniently diagnosed.   The husband is a physician and in the beginning of her writing she has nothing but good things to say about him, which is very obedient of her.   She speaks of her husband as if he is a father figure and nothing like an equal, which is so important in a relationship.   She writes, "He is very careful and loving, and hardly lets me stir without special direction."   It is in this manner that she first delicately speaks of his total control over her without meaning to and how she has no choices whatsoever.   This control is perhaps so imbedded in our main character that it is even seen in her secret writing; "John says the very worst thing I can do is to think about my condition...so I will let it alone and talk about the house."   Her husband suggests enormous amounts of bed rest and no hu man interaction at all.   He chooses a "prison-like" room for them to reside in that he anticipates will calm our main character even more into a comma like life but instead awakens her and slowly but surely opens her eyes to a woman tearing the walls down to freedom.

Morality & Social Justice-Rubric for Essay Essay

Seven influential moral thinkers hammered just war tradition which has been distilled into seven principles where five of the principles judge whether a decision to go to war is actually justifiable while the other two are a guide to just conduct in waging a war. The principles of a just war include: legitimate authority, just cause, just intent, last resort, reasonable chance of success, principle of discrimination and the principle of proportionality. The Spanish and Portuguese were not justified to go to war with the Guarani but the Guarani were justified to war with the Portuguese and the Spanish. Subjecting the Portuguese and the Spanish to the seven principles of a just war they were not justified to go to war. The first principle which requires that before a war is started, it must be declared by a legally recognized authority which in most cases is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces while in United states it the Congress was not met by the Spanish and Portuguese soldiers. The soldier according to Alves were sent to relocate the Guarani but when they resisted they resorted to military action where many natives were killed and other were taken as slaves without the order of the legal authorities of the two nations (4). Before going to war with the Guarani the just war principles demand that Spanish and Portuguese leaders and soldiers were to seek an order from the commander-in-chief of the armed forces of their respective countries before waging a war with the natives which they did not do. The second principle of a just war that requires that a war should not be started on the basis of expanding a territory or national pride but only for a just cause like resistance to aggression by means of threat of attack or attack was not met either by the Portuguese and the Spanish in fighting the Guarani people. They instead invaded the people with an aim to relocate them to take them as slaves but when the Guarani resisted they started war with them thereby breaching the just cause (Alves 4). Another principle require that before starting a war the aims of the war should be just and limited which should be restoring justice and peace and not vengeance. The Spanish and the Portuguese breached this principle as well since their intention was not to restore peace or justice among the Guarani people. They waged the war out of their own selfish gain because the natives were living peacefully before. Their interest was the land of the Guarani and to enslave them as well. It was not the last resort for the Portuguese and the Spanish to start war with the Guarani people. The principles requires that all other means should be used to resolve dispute between contending parties and that the means must have been tried and found to fail before going to war. In the situation of the Portuguese, Spanish and the Guarani people there was no dispute in the first place. It is the Spanish and Portuguese that were determined to take the land that belonged to the natives and to take them as slaves and even after the natives resisted their effort they never used any other means to resolve the dispute but war. There should be reasonable chance of success before starting a war which the Portuguese and the Spanish did not take to consideration. The principle requires that the situation should be accessed to ascertain if there is a possibility of success before initiating or continuing a war. They never considered this fact and that is the reason why the war continued for several decades and they were eventually defeated (Elves 6). Another principle of a just war tradition that the Portuguese and Spanish violated is the principle of civilian immunity or honor of noncombatant where the noncombatants are not targeted to avoid civilian deaths. It also requires that prisoners captured should be treated humanely and that military forces desist from rapes, massacres, looting and other atrocities. This was not the case in the wars of the Guarani where all sorts of atrocities were committed against the people since children, women and men alike were taken captives and were not treated humanely. The principle of proportionality which requires that the harm to be caused by a war must not exceed the good the war can accomplish. Before the Europeans invaded the natives they were living peacefully in their land but after they attacked them they were left with sorrows since some died, others were enslaved, property destroyed and families disunited forever. It therefore goes without saying that the Spanish and the Portuguese caused several harm and zero good to the Guarani which is against this principle of just war. The Portuguese and the Spanish were not justified to initiate and continue the war with the Guarani after being subjected to the seven principles of a just war tradition. In all the instances they went contrary to the principles. They were not interested in the plight of the people or the outcome of the war but their own selfish gains. Works Cited Alves, Wesley. The Mission. 2007. 3 May 2010 http://people. bu. edu/wwildman/WeirdWildWeb/courses/thth/projects/thth_projects_2007wesley_alves. pdf

Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment

The Beneficence Principle wants maximum benefits and minimum harm. The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment did the exact opposite of that. The government doctors of the US Public Health Service studied the maximum harm and minimum benefits of untreated syphilis. According to Talebearer Clark, the founder of the experiment, â€Å"Macon County Is a natural laboratory – a ready made situation. The rather low Intelligence of the negro population, depressed economic conditions, and the very common promiscuous sexual relations, not only contribute to the spread of syphilis UT also to the prevailing indifference with regard to treatment† (Dianna, 1993).The government doctors studied patients with syphilis from the earliest of stages all the way to death, the goal being to see if syphilis was the same in blacks as it was in whites. The doctors told the patients they could cure their â€Å"bad blood† and invited them in for treatment. The doctors never told them how bad their co ndition was or what stage they were at. They simply â€Å"gave the men placebos, vitamins, aspirin, and tonics to keep up the appearance of treatment (Dianna, 1993). The third part to The Ethics Framework for Public Health questions the known or potential burdens of the program.The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment clearly violates this ethical principle (as well as many others). In this principle It states â€Å"If data suggests that a program is reasonably likely to achieve its stated goals, then the third step of the framework asks us to identify burdens or harms that could occur through our public health work† (Champed and Elliot 2010). The doctors in the Tuskegee Experiment clearly knew they were achieving their goal, which was recording the effects of untreated syphilis, but failed to identify and inform the burdens and/or harms that were occurring in their public health work.The men were never informed of the problems they had, and in fact were led to believe they were get ting better. The goal of the Tuskegee Experiment was to find out if syphilis had the same effect in black people as It did In whites, at that time blacks were thought to be â€Å"fundamentally and genetically deferent† (Dianna, 1993). As sad as it Is to say, at the end of the experiment there were a few benefits, one being doctors now know the effects of syphilis on anybody, regardless of race or gender, If left untreated.Another benefit to come from this experiment would be ethics in Public Health and the be no Belmont Report or Ethics Framework for Public Health in our textbook. There are many long-term repercussions to advancing public health goals because of this experiment. It caused blacks, and others living in low class, oppressed populations to have distrust and lack of respect for the information given to them by doctors. They were misled and misinformed by these â€Å"doctors† and no longer want their information or help. And because of this they do not step forward or help for health issues when it's needed.

God’s Foreknowledge and the Problem of Evil Essay

In his essay[1] on the possibility of God’s having middle knowledge of the actions of free agents and the relationship of that knowledge, if it exists, to the problem of evil,[2] RM Adams discusses two questions: firstly, whether middle knowledge is possible, even for God, and secondly, whether God could have made free creatures who would always freely do right. These questions highlight the importance of trying to understand how much God knows about the future and the relationship of the answer to that question with the problem of evil. In the present essay I review four major possible views of God’s foreknowledge and highlight their strengths and weaknesses, paying particular attention to Adams’ arguments on Middle Knowledge which lead to his conclusion that there is reason to doubt its possibility. I then review Adams’ arguments about its impact on the problem of evil and, having concluded, as he does, that, middle knowledge being available or not, permitting some evil in order to allow creatures to have free will may contribute to a theodicy but not complete it, I consider how this situation might be improved by accepting that the future is at least partly open. The problem The problem of evil has been the subject of theological dispute for centuries. If God is, as the traditional Christian view would have it, omniscient, omnipotent and perfectly good, how come there is evil in the world? Such a God, the argument goes, would not only wish to dispel evil from the world, but, since he can do anything, he would have done so. Since he clearly has not, either he is not able to do so or he does not care, or perhaps he doesn’t exist. While arguments such as the above call into doubt the possibility of God’s being at once omnipotent and perfectly good, the problem of evil is also closely related to the issue of his omniscience, in particular to his foreknowledge. If God knows everything about the future, including what choices between good and evil I will make, am I really free to make those choices? But does God actually know everything, particularly about contingent future events? There are many views of the God’s foreknowledge; I will consider four principal ones. The Simple Foreknowledge View. This view holds that God knows all truths and believes no falsehoods, or as Hunt puts it ‘God has complete and infallible knowledge of the future’[3], a simple statement and one which is subject to some serious objections. In the context of this essay the most important objection is that it would appear to negate the possibility of human freedom. As Augustine’s interlocutor, Evodius, says, ‘since God foreknew that he [Adam] was going to sin, his sin necessarily had to happen. How then is the will free when such inescapable necessity is found in it? ’[4] Augustine then argues that ‘God’s foreknowledge does not force the future to happen†¦. God foreknows everything that he causes but does not cause everything that he foreknows†¦ sin is committed by the will not coerced by God’s foreknowledge. ’[5] If God did cause or coerce Adam to sin he would be exempt from blame but, Hunt maintains, following Augustine, the simple fact of God’s knowing in advance what Adam (and more generally, we) will do does not constitute coercion. It is true that God’s foreknowing†¦ leaves Adam with no alternatives†¦ But the mere absence of alternatives is irrelevant†¦ simply knowing what the person will do is not an interference of any sort, and its implications for free agency are benign. ’[6] Hunt’s view is that we should ‘trust our intuition’ that Adam is deprived of alternatives but not free will. For me however, this is not my intuition. This and similar arguments elsewhere appear to be doing little more than restating the problem, and do not provide a satisfactory escape route. The problem is one of logic not theology. If it is inevitable, foreknown infallibly, that I will do A then it is not in reality an option for me not to do A. I might think that I am choosing between A and not-A, but if God knows which I will choose then in reality I am deluded: there is no possibility of my choosing not-A and if I don’t have any choice this also seems to remove any possibility of blame or responsibility for my actions. How can I be held responsible for an action which I could not avoid doing? Worse, since I do things which patently are evil and could have been avoided if I really had free will, it is arguable that God himself is responsible for, or at least knows in advance and allows to happen, the evil that I do. In addition to the free-will problem, proponents of the simple foreknowledge view have to explain what we are doing when we pray. Are we asking God to change the future? And if he does graciously agree to change it, would that not mean that he was wrong when he earlier knew, supposedly infallibly, what the future was to include before he changed it? It is an important part of this view of God that he believes no falsehoods, but if our prayers have any effect, that would seem to entail the falsehood of God’s earlier beliefs about that particular aspect of the future. It should be noted at this point that the simple foreknowledge view is fully compatible with the Christian understanding of God’s being outside time. I will return to this later, but sacrificing or compromising this understanding would be a heavy price to pay for many Christian theologians. These objections taken together seem to me to make simple foreknowledge, without some considerable modification, incompatible with an understanding of humans as responsible agents. The other views I discuss below attempt in different ways to make sufficient modifications to deal with this problem while remaining true to scripture. I should of course consider the possibility that, in coming to this conclusion about the difficulties of the simple foreknowledge view, I have not understood the question. Could it be that what I mean by either ‘free ill’ or ‘knowledge’ is somehow different to what generations of theologians have meant? For myself, I maintain that my action is free if I could do otherwise than what I actually decide to do and, crucially, no-one else knows in advance what I will decide to do, not even God. And knowledge in this context can be taken as ‘justified true belief’ which is just the sort of knowledge that God is supposed to have infallibly. It seems that simple foreknowledge is not to be rescued by recourse to a dictionary. The Augustinian-Calvinist View This view, as expounded by Helm,[7] does indeed depend on a careful compatibilist definition of ‘free will’ which enables him to argue that it is not necessary to accept either a modified, reduced account of omniscience, or that human agents are not responsible for their actions. Here ‘compatibilism’ is the view that free will is compatible with causal determinism, a view that Helm maintains was explicitly held by the later Augustine (probably as a result of further thought compared with his earlier writings) and implicitly by Calvin. The latter is evidenced firstly by the distinction he drew between necessity and compulsion, and secondly by his successors’ taking a similar view of free will, calling it the liberty of rational spontaneity while denying the liberty of indifference. [8] Helm distinguishes three concepts of God’s foreknowledge. One is causal in the sense used by Aquinas: God’s knowledge is the cause of things and on this view there is no distinction between what God causes and permits since God foreknows all events and therefore must cause them all. There is an inference from this that God causes future evil but Aquinas is said to have allowed the concept of divine permission whereby God is said to know of it but not cause it. More on that later. The second sense has God’s foreknowledge logically subsequent to his decree and is simply the knowledge of that decree before it takes effect in time, and the third is the reverse of this, with the foreknowledge logically prior to his decree. His arguments entail one or other of the first two senses, but not the third. Based on these starting points Helm raises three arguments in support of the Augustinian position. First there is the role of God’s grace. The argument between those who believe and those who do not believe that God’s foreknowledge is compatible with human incompatibilism, Helm says, is not about the nature of God or of human freedom but about the relationship between God and humankind. Divine grace and free, incompatibilist choice can only be causally necessary for a person’s coming to faith, but not causally sufficient since, given our libertarian will, we could resist such grace and it would not therefore ensure its intended effect. However, scripture tells us that saving grace is irresistible and, when received, liberating: it alone, according to Augustine, ensures true human freedom,[9] and the inference is that such grace is therefore sufficient. The obvious objection here is that some people clearly do resist God’s saving grace, an objection that Helm does not deal with effectively. Secondly there is an argument based on divine perfection as reflected in his omnipotence and omniscience. Helm asks rhetorically how God knows of the causes of evil actions if he is not the cause of them, and quotes Augustine’s answer that God, for the highest reasons (which are at present unknown to us) knowingly permits particular evil actions. 10] In a rather obscure passage, Helm appears to argue as follows: (1) it is theologically desirable that God’s foreknowledge should be as complete as may reasonably be assumed and we should therefore assume that he does foreknow his free creatures freely willed actions; (2) If compatibilism is true then God can foreknow these actions and therefore (3) compatibilism is true. [11] However, as Hunt points out, this is fallacious and Helm should have argued for (2’) If compatibil ism is not true then God cannot foreknow†¦ but he has not done so. Finally Helm argues that God’s omniscience is logically inconsistent with human incompatibilist freedom. He supposes as an example that God foreknew yesterday the truth of the proposition ‘Jones will freely eat a tuna sandwich tomorrow. ’ That foreknowledge is now in the past and is therefore necessary, not logically but accidentally or historically, and therefore it entails the necessity that Jones will eat the tuna sandwich; that putatively free act cannot therefore be free. In that case divine omniscience is inconsistent with incompatibilist freedom. 12] Helm admits that this argument really only works with the assumption that God is in some fashion inside time for ‘yesterday’ and ‘tomorrow’ to have any force. [13] In summary, Helm believes his arguments have made the broadly Augustinian case that divine foreknowledge and human freedom are consistent, but I am hard-pressed to see that any of my objections to the simple foreknowledge argument are any less forceful in response to Helm. My logical worry and the problem of prayer remain, but these are supplemented by the acknowledged need for God to be temporal, at least for part of the argument to be successful. The Middle-Knowledge View This view is that espoused by Luis de Molina, a 16th century Spanish Jesuit theologian, who drew a distinction between three kinds of knowledge that, in his view, God possesses[14]. Firstly, Molina said, God possesses ‘natural knowledge’, that is a knowledge of all necessarily true propositions, such as ‘two plus two equals four’. Since such truths are necessary, nobody, not even God, can make them false. Secondly, God possesses ‘free knowledge’, that is knowledge of all contingent truths that are within his control, but which could have been false under different conditions,. For example ‘I am interested in philosophy’ is a contingently true proposition but God could have brought it about that it was false. Finally, Molina proposes that God possesses ‘middle knowledge’ (so called because it is in-between God’s natural and free knowledge), that is, knowledge of contingent propositions which are true but beyond his control. The most important items of middle knowledge for the purpose of this discussion are the ‘counterfactuals of freedom’ which describe what people would freely do if placed in various possible situations. This is relevant to the problem of evil because ‘it might seem that if God has middle knowledge, He could have secured creatures sinless but free by just creating those that he knew would not sin if allowed to act freely. ’[15] In his discussion of middle knowledge[16] Craig indicates its power and why it is so attractive in the discussion of free will and the problem of evil. If it is true that God has middle knowledge as described above, this not only makes room for human freedom but it gives God scope to choose which free creatures to create and bring about his ultimate purposes through free creaturely decisions. He adduces three lines of argument in support of it – biblical, theological and philosophical. [17] Biblical arguments: Craig uses the example of David and Saul: [18] David is in the Jewish city of Keilah and asks God through an ephod[19] if Saul will attack him there and whether the men of Keilah would give him up to Saul to save their lives. God answers affirmatively to both questions, whereupon Saul heads for the hills, with the result that Saul does not need to besiege the city and the men of Keilah do not need to betray him to Saul. It is clear, says Craig, that the bible passage shows that God has counterfactual knowledge, although he admits that this does not show conclusively that he has middle knowledge. He goes on to accept that biblical exegesis is not enough to settle the matter. [20] Theological arguments: Craig says that ‘the strongest arguments in support of the Molinist perspective are theological’[21] but gives no direct support for this other than to wax lyrical on the power of middle knowledge in theological argument on a range of issues. This may be correct, given the existence of middle knowledge, but that is what we wish to test. Philosophical arguments: Craig asserts that divine foreknowledge and future contingents are compatible ‘for the simple reason that Scripture teaches both’[23] (a theological rather than philosophical statement of course) and goes on to discuss the basis of such foreknowledge. He builds an argument about freedom of action, concluding that ‘from God’s knowledge that I shall do x, it does not follow that I must do x, only that I shall do x. That is in no way incompatible with my doing x freely. ’[24] This is really just a restatement of the problem of free will and Craig does little more here than reassert its truth. Craig’s final conclusion is that ‘philosophically, omniscience†¦ entails knowledge of all truth and, since counterfactuals of creaturely freedom are true logically prior to god’s creative decree, they must therefore be known by God at that logical moment. Therefore we should affirm that God has middle knowledge. ’

People Skills or Technical Skills Essay

There are many efficient engineers working in software companies and the commonplace utterances like ‘coding error’, ‘build not functioning’, ‘new feature is not getting integrated’ , etc. are often heard in their workplaces. Soon after, one might witness meetings after meetings followed by night stay to fix the errors on a stringent deadline. All this is due to lack of people skills. People skills are the most valuable nowadays because large complex projects demand highly efficient people skills to assist in bringing an integrated final product. Bill Gates of Microsoft acknowledges the value of people skills, â€Å"Communications skills and the ability to work well with different types of people are very important. † he said, â€Å"Software innovation, like almost every other kind of innovation, requires the ability to collaborate and share ideas with other tasks, and to sit down and talk with customers and get their feedback and understand their needs. Interpersonal skills are more important in the workplace than IT skills. † In a way projects are technical, but complexity arises as a result of cross-cultural variables, virtual teams, and the necessity to achieve more in less time. To resolve issues and gather technical skills in the competitive world, people skills are crucial. People skills can be defined, practiced, improved continually, and best learnt experientially (Flannes, 2006). A professional can be hired to assist with technical details but a manager with people skills are difficult to get. One of the quick turnaround time project experience shared by Charlie Poole (2001) on the website proves that people skills are more important to a team manager in a software development project. He was focused on rolling out a workable project structure with a set of stories as part of one integration cycle. For this he selected four programming core practices like continuous integration, small releases, onsite customer, and planning game. He did it successfully. When the project was kept in front of him, he had a few thoughts (all of which can be co-related to the seven important skills shown in bracket) about the project that had to move forward in just over three week’s time. He decided: I won’t waste time – (Responsibility) I’ll have to quickly turn tasks over to other people – (Communication Subtleties) I’m forced to recognize what parts of the project have most value – (Ability to Assess) I’ll do the simplest thing that works – (Innovative and Caring) People may be more willing to try out a new approach – (Individuals are not Fixed Objects). An effective team structuring, clarifying requirements before entering into real working scenario, effective planning are some good plans that helped him accomplish the desired results. Besides, Charlie had the ability to manage conflict and agreement in the first place to undertake a project and bring results in three weeks. Earlier, Charlie had the experience of being a team member himself and had grown as a lead and then as manager which gave a certain advantage in bringing the project to closure. By sharing his feelings on the web, Charlie aptly follows â€Å"Writing about thought and feeling in a journal,† which is considered to be one of the seven skills required for a manager. The rate of success in achieving people skills rely on how perfect one has been nurtured with the following seven important skills: 1) The ability to employ four interpersonal communication techniques. 2) The ability to conceptualize and apply four distinct leadership roles. 3) The ability to access individual differences. 4) The ability to motivate individual stakeholders and teams. 5) The ability to manage conflict and agreement. 6) The ability to mediate and manage professional and personal distress. 7) Writing about thoughts and feelings in a journal and competency in six active management skills. Acquiring these skills does not happen overnight. People who have been experiencing in the same domain performing at various levels will have the advantage of handling any crisis situation like Charlie as in the example above. Technical skills are typically easy to observe, quantify and measure. They’re also easy to train, because most of the time the skill sets are brand new to the learner and no unlearning is involved. The case with People skills is different. Another expertise, Russ Finney (Finny, White Paper) advises that having someone on the team who is familiar with the specialized knowledge surrounding selected technical environment provides confidence. Technical skills too have great values in assisting others, making suggestions, developing standards, and finally leading to leadership qualities. This implies that technical skills and people skills are not something far apart. A good technically skilled person has the chances of becoming a capable manager with people skills. If one wants to advance, he or she should never neglect People Skills Training. If you are like most IT professionals, pressed for time, overwhelmed by pending deadlines and working with limited budget dollars your training efforts should focus exclusively on acquiring new technical skills along with your people skills. References Finney, R. Winning Project Teams. Information technology management, White paper. Retrieved April, 18, 2009, http://www. itmweb. com/essay003. htm Flannes, S (2006). Effective people skills for the project manager: a requirement for project success and career advancement. Planning, Development and Support 131-29, 19. Poole, C (2001). Three week project turnaround. Retrieved April, 18, 2009, http://c2. com/cgi/wiki? ThreeWeekProjectTurnaround Retrieved April, 18, 2009, http://www. zdnet. com. au/insight/business/soa/Tech-skills-not-as-valued-as-people-skills-/0,139023749,339284581,00. htm

How is the music industry being affected by iTunes and similar Research Paper

How is the music industry being affected by iTunes and similar services - Research Paper Example This work "How is the music industry being affected by iTunes and similar services?" outlines how the introduction of iTunes, Amazon MP3, Napster, Zune Marketplace and Rhapsody have changed the music industry business. Instead of buying the whole CD just for one song people nowadays prefer buying their favorite single. Previously people were forced to buy the whole album of a particular artist or band on CD if they liked a particular song however now people have the choice of buying only the song they prefer instead of the whole album. This means that people save on their cost and can buy many more such singles instead of wasting their money on just a single album, whose songs they will hardly listen to except for that one song. Hence services like Amazon and iTunes allow people to choose amongst various songs from a plethora of songs in their database. With services such as iTunes, music has become increasingly accessible for the consumers. It is now very easy to transfer your favor ite song to your handheld device allowing you to listen to your favorite song on the go. Instead of going to the neighborhood’s music shop to buy the album that had your favorite song now you can just sit at home and buy your favorite song online. Artists who worked hard on making their whole album a success are at a disadvantage as others can easily steal their spotlight by introducing their one single hit and then disappearing into anonymity. This has led to a decline in the artists’ creativity.... This means that people save on their cost and can buy many more such singles instead of wasting their money on just a single album, whose songs they will hardly listen to except for that one song. Hence services like Amazon and iTunes allow people to choose amongst various songs from a plethora of songs in their database. With services such as iTunes, music has become increasingly accessible for the consumers. It is now very easy to transfer your favorite song to your handheld device allowing you to listen to your favorite song on the go. Instead of going to the neighborhood’s music shop to buy the album that had your favorite song now you can just sit at home and buy your favorite song online. Artists who worked hard on making their whole album a success are at a disadvantage as others can easily steal their spotlight by introducing their one single hit and then disappearing into anonymity. This has no doubt led to a decline in the artists’ creativity as we no longer s ee albums with all the songs that were a hit. On the other hand however, there has been an increase in the sale of individual songs because they are cheaper than the whole album. In fact by 2010, iTunes had sold 10,000,000,000 songs and the online music store is still going strong with consumers buying thousands of songs from the iTunes store every day. However the increase in sales does not add that much in revenue that it can offset the decline in revenue from the fall in sales of music CDs. In a study conducted by Elberse, she found out that for every one percent rise in the consumers who shift to buying music online there is a six percent drop in the sale of albums. Sales of a ‘mixed bundle’ (the album plus its single) fell from $15000 in 2005 to just $7000 in 2007 (a staggering

Monetary Policy and the Stock Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Monetary Policy and the Stock Market - Essay Example Many papers have found that the extent to which monetary policymakers react to stock market changes are often driven by other factors such as the rate of inflation and output gap. In most of the cases, stock market changes are rarely the aspects which influence monetary policy. The present paper attempts to examine this very fact through employing least square methods. In order to assess this relation, Taylor’s rule has been modified accordingly. The output however, yielded does not depict a highly significant association between stock market fluctuations and the dependent variable, monetary policies which is duplicated by Federal Funds Rate. 1 - Introduction Stock market fluctuations often decide the financial state of an economy. These, in turn, could act as the decisive forces behind the monetary policy framework of an economy. Movements adapted by stock market indices often reflect the behaviour patterns exhibited by many essential economic variables. Stock market indices might be regarded as a mirror image of the way their components behave over time. In case that these components exhibit an average upward trend, the implication is that of a rising stock price index, while they display a downward trend implies the stock prices moving down on an average. Movements of stock prices often indicate the extent to which an economy is soaring. High figures of stock price indices in an economy indicate upward inflationary trends in the economy. Hence, it is important to keep a note of the fluctuations that the stock market indices depict. Inflationary pressures are rather regarded as harmful for the economy and hence they often are kept under control by the monetary policymakers of an economy. Thus, it can be argued...Stock market fluctuations often decide the financial state of an economy. These, in turn, could act as the decisive forces behind the monetary policy framework of an economy. Movements adapted by stock market indices often reflect the behaviour patterns exhibited by many essential economic variables. Stock market indices might be regarded as a mirror image of the way their components behave over time. In case that these components exhibit an average upward trend, the implication is that of a rising stock price index, while they display a downward trend implies the stock prices moving down on an average. Movements of stock prices often indicate the extent to which an economy is soaring. High figures of stock price indices in an economy indicate upward inflationary trends in the economy. Hence, it is important to keep a note of the fluctuations that the stock market indices depict. Inflationary pressures are rather regarded as harmful for the economy and hence they often are kept under control by the monetary policymakers of an economy. Thus, it can be argued that higher the stock market index of a nation , greater will be the inflationary pressure upon the economy. This tempts the monetary policymakers to frame strategies for regulation of the same. This inflationary pressure could actually lead to a rise in the velocity of money .This , in turn, could actually result to higher economic activities and at the same time leads to price hikes. These price hikes might lead to depreciation in the rate of exchange and thus eventually reduce the inflow of foreign direct investments. This is because overseas investors are no longer allured by the thought of earning higher amounts in repayment.